GAAP stands for generally accepted accounting practices. It is a way to measure things like earnings and cash flow. It can require some weird stuff though. For example, if a company owns securities and their price goes down then that has to come out of earnings even though the securities were not sold. However, if the security price goes up you do not add it to earnings until you sell the security. Because of esoteric things like this GAAP is not always used.
But whatever, Twitter was profitable by one measure and not by another, related measure, so not exactly great financially, but also not awful. Somewhere in between. The best companies would be profitable by all measures. The point though is was not a financial dumpster fire.
As for value, that is different. A public company is worth what someone will pay for it (or has paid for the last trade multipled by all shares). Elon Musk, Fidelity, and a few others as a group, paid $54.20 per share. (That's right, Musk chose a weed joke as his bid price. Though he swore in court it was not a weed joke.) Fidelity marked that down 56% by year end. That is their best estimate of what they could sell their stake for.
Musk borrowed a ton of money to purchase his shares. Typically the banks who lend that money immediately securitize the loan and sell it to investors. In this case they could not do that at anywhere near breakeven because Musk was busy loudly pretending Twitter was a fraud because he was trying to get out of overpaying for an asset he was doing his best to ruin before he bought it. Those banks took huge earnings losses (see GAAP accounting) and have periodically explored selling those loans. Initially they floated a price of 65 cents on the dollar, but later lowered that to 60 cents. Nothing has sold so far.
In classical finance, if a bond is priced below 60 cents the market believes there is not enough money to pay back lenders (i.e. possible/probable default/bankruptcy) which zeroes out equity investors.
So now we have two estimates of Twitter's equity value. A high estimate of $30.35 per share and a low of zero.