In January 2025, a peer-reviewed analysis of deaths in the Gaza war between October 2023 and 30 June 2024 was published in The Lancet. The paper estimated 64,260 deaths from traumatic injury during this period, and likely exceeding 70,000 by October 2024, with 59.1% of them being women, children and the elderly. It concluded that the GHM undercounted trauma-related deaths by 41% in its report, and also noted that its findings "underestimate the full impact of the military operation in Gaza, as they do not account for non-trauma-related deaths resulting from health service disruption, food insecurity, and inadequate water and sanitation."[35] As of January 2025, a comparable estimate for traumatic injury deaths would be around 80,000.[36]
A survey by PCPSR reported showed over 60% of Gazans have lost family members since the war began.[37][38] Thousands of more dead bodies are thought to be under the rubble of destroyed buildings.[39][40] The number of injured is greater than 100,000;[41] Gaza has the most amputated children per capita in the world.[42]